Evaluation and guidance model of emergency external fixation for limb fractures
1. Fixation method for forearm fracture: When using splint, place two splints on the palm and back of the forearm respectively. Place a ball of cotton in the palm of the injured side, let the injured hold one end of the palmar splint, make the wrist slightly bend back, then fix it, and hang the forearm on the chest with a triangle. When there is no splint, the injured forearm can be flexed, the hand end is slightly higher, and a triangular towel is used to hang the injured arm in front of the chest, and then a triangular towel is used to fix the injured arm in front of the chest.
2. Fixation method of upper arm fracture: when there is a splint, the injured limb can be flexed and pasted in front of the chest, a splint can be placed outside the injured arm, two cloth straps are used to fix the upper and lower ends of the fracture and hang them in front of the chest, and then triangular scarf (or cloth strap) is used to fix the upper arm in the chest. When there is no splint, the upper arm can be naturally lowered and fixed on the chest side with a triangular towel, and the forearm can be hung on the chest with another triangular towel: the forearm can also be hung on the chest first, and the upper arm can be fixed on the chest with another triangular towel.
3. Fixation method of lower leg fracture: If there is a splint, place the splint on the outside of the lower leg, and its length should be from the middle of the thigh to the heel. After the knee and ankle joints are cushioned, fix them in sections with bandages, and then fix the two lower legs together up and down, and fix the foot with an "8" shaped bandage, so that the foot is at a right angle to the lower leg. When there is no splint, the two lower limbs can be aligned side by side. After the knee and ankle are padded, the two legs can be fixed in sections with bandages, and then the foot can be fixed with an "8" shaped bandage, so that the sole of the foot is at a right angle to the lower leg.
4. Fixation method of thigh fracture: place the splint on the outside of the injured limb, its length should be from the armpit to the heel, the two lower limbs should be aligned side by side, and use bandages to fix the knee and ankle joints section by section. Fix the foot with an "8" shaped bandage so that the sole of the foot is at a right angle to the lower leg. The healthy limb fixation method can also be used when there is no splint.
5. Fixation method of clavicular fracture: let the patient sit up straight and straighten out the chest, the binding and fixing personnel use one knee to stand between the two shoulder blades of the patient's back, pull the patient's shoulder back gradually with both hands to make the chest as straight as possible, and then fix it. The method is to pad cotton pads under the two armpits of the injured, use two triangular scarves to tie around the two shoulder joints tightly in the center of the counting section, and when tying, pull the triangular scarves firmly to make the two shoulders stretch later, After the knot, bend the patient's elbows, cross the wrists in front of the chest, use another triangular towel to bypass the chest at the flat elbow, and fix the upper limbs in front of the chest with a knot. The bandage can also be used for "8" - shaped fixation under the back tension of the chest and shoulders.





